Pengaruh Program Latihan Plyometric terhadap Peningkatan Power Tungkai Siswa Sepak Takraw di MTs Fathurrohman
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58230/nnq8md64Keywords:
latihan plyometric, madrasah, siswa, power tungkai, vertical jump testAbstract
Power tungkai merupakan komponen kondisi fisik yang menunjang teknik seperti servis, smash, dan blocking dalam sepak takraw. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh program latihan plyometric terhadap peningkatan power tungkai siswa sepak takraw di MTs Fathurrohman. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen pretest-posttest satu kelompok. Subjek terdiri atas lima siswa laki-laki yang mengikuti program latihan plyometric (depth jump) selama enam minggu dengan frekuensi tiga kali per minggu. Power tungkai diukur menggunakan vertical jump test (cm) sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan, kemudian dianalisis dengan paired sample t-test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nilai posttest lebih tinggi daripada pretest pada seluruh subjek, dengan rata-rata selisih 6,8 cm (t = 5,874; p = 0,004). Dengan demikian, program latihan plyometric berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan power tungkai. Temuan ini dapat menjadi rujukan bagi pelatih dan guru olahraga dalam menyusun program latihan fisik bagi siswa sepak takraw. Namun, hasil ini perlu ditafsirkan secara hati-hati karena subjek hanya lima orang, tidak ada kelompok kontrol, dan pengaruh terhadap keterampilan teknik belum diukur.
Downloads
References
Aji, T. (2018). Effect of training leg muscle power on the accuracy and speed of service as takraw in Central Java man players. Journal of Indonesian Physical Education and Sport, 4(1), 46–56. http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/jipes/article/view/17565
Asadi, A., Arazi, H., Young, W. B., & Sáez de Villarreal, E. (2016). The effects of plyometric training on change-of-direction ability: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11(5), 563–573. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0694
Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Glaister, M., & Lockey, R. A. (2015). The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring vertical jump performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(15), 1574–1579. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.996184
Bobbert, M. F. (1990). Drop jumping as a training method for jumping ability. Sports Medicine, 9(1), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199009010-00002
Button, K. S., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Mokrysz, C., Nosek, B. A., Flint, J., Robinson, E. S. J., & Munafò, M. R. (2013). Power failure: Why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 14(5), 365–376. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3475
Cormie, P., McGuigan, M. R., & Newton, R. U. (2011). Developing maximal neuromuscular power: Part 1. Biological basis of maximal power production. Sports Medicine, 41(1), 17–38. https://doi.org/10.2165/11537690-000000000-00000
Fischetti, F., Cataldi, S., & Greco, G. (2019). Lower-limb plyometric training improves vertical jump and agility abilities in adult female soccer players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19(2), 1254–1261. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2019.02182
Ford, P. A., De Ste Croix, M. B. A., Lloyd, R. S., Meyers, R., Moosavi, M., Oliver, J., Till, K., & Williams, C. A. (2011). The long-term athlete development model: Physiological evidence and application. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(4), 389–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2010.536849
Hidayat, R., Budi, D. R., Purnamasari, A. D., Febriani, A. R., & Listiandi, A. D. (2020). Faktor fisik dominan penentu keterampilan bermain sepak takraw. Jurnal MensSana, 5(1), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.24036/jm.v5i1.127
Komi, P. V. (2000). Stretch-shortening cycle: A powerful model to study normal and fatigued muscle. Journal of Biomechanics, 33(10), 1197–1206.
Kons, R. L., Ache-Dias, J., Detanico, D., Barth, J., & Dal Pupo, J. (2018). Is vertical jump height an indicator of athletes' power output in different sport modalities? Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(3), 708–715.
Kons, R. L., Orssatto, L. B. R., Ache-Dias, J., De Pauw, K., Meeusen, R., Trajano, G. S., Dal Pupo, J., & Detanico, D. (2023). Effects of plyometric training on physical performance: An umbrella review. Sports Medicine - Open, 9, Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-022-00550-8
Lakens, D. (2013). Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: A practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, Article 863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863
Lloyd, R. S., & Oliver, J. L. (2012). The Youth Physical Development model: A new approach to long-term athletic development. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 34(3), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e31825760ea
Makaruk, H., Starzak, M., Suchecki, B., Czaplicki, M., & Stojiljković, N. (2020). The effects of assisted and resisted plyometric training programs on vertical jump performance in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 19(2), 347–357.
Markovic, G. (2007). Does plyometric training improve vertical jump height? A meta-analytical review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(6), 349–355. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.035113
Markovic, G., & Jaric, S. (2007). Is vertical jump height a body size-independent measure of muscle power? Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(12), 1355–1363. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410601021713
Markovic, G., & Mikulic, P. (2010). Neuro-musculoskeletal and performance adaptations to lower-extremity plyometric training. Sports Medicine, 40(10), 859–895. https://doi.org/10.2165/11318370-000000000-00000
Moran, J. J., Sandercock, G. R., Ramirez-Campillo, R., Meylan, C. M., Collison, J. A., & Parry, D. A. (2017). Age-related variation in male youth athletes' countermovement jump after plyometric training: A meta-analysis of controlled trials. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(2), 552–565. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001444
Murti, D. L. A. W., Marani, I. N., & Rihatno, T. (2020). Pengaruh kekuatan otot tungkai, kelentukan togok, dan keseimbangan terhadap servis sepak takraw. Gladi: Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 11(2), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.21009/GJIK.112.04
Nicol, C., Avela, J., & Komi, P. V. (2006). The stretch-shortening cycle: A model to study naturally occurring neuromuscular fatigue. Sports Medicine, 36(11), 977–999. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200636110-00004
Oxfeldt, M., Overgaard, K., Hvid, L. G., & Dalgas, U. (2019). Effects of plyometric training on jumping, sprint performance, and lower body muscle strength in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analyses. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 29(10), 1453–1465.
Sáez de Villarreal, E., Kellis, E., Kraemer, W. J., & Izquierdo, M. (2009). Determining variables of plyometric training for improving vertical jump height performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(2), 495–506. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318196b7c6
Sáez de Villarreal, E., Requena, B., & Cronin, J. B. (2012). The effects of plyometric training on sprint performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(2), 575–584. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318220fd03
Sáez de Villarreal, E., Requena, B., & Newton, R. U. (2010). Does plyometric training improve strength performance? A meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(5), 513–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.08.005
Sari, W., & Prawibowo, M. (2025). The dominant physical factor determines the ability to play sepak takraw in the Nilam Raya team. JIPES - Journal of Indonesian Physical Education and Sport, 11(2), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.21009/JIPES.112.03
Stojanović, E., Ristić, V., McMaster, D. T., & Milanović, Z. (2017). Effect of plyometric training on vertical jump performance in female athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 47(5), 975–986. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0634-6
Sugisaki, N., & Kurokawa, S. (2014). Effect of lower-body plyometric training on athletic performance and muscle-tendon properties. The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine, 3, 205–209. https://doi.org/10.7600/jpfsm.3.205
Sugiyono. (2022). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sulaiman, Raharjo, A., & Abidin, W. Z. (2018). Effect of plyometric tuck jumps and lateral hurdle jumps on the ability of takraw's male athletes to do smash kedeng. In Proceedings of the International Seminar on Public Health and Education 2018 (ISPHE 2018) (pp. 124–127). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/isphe-18.2018.28
